Academic thesis
| Raphael Doths: | Back | |
| Language: | Original - Translation | |
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| Abstract: | From the 12th to the 19th century, glass had been cut with a hot iron. In the 14th century, the additional technique of cutting glass with a diamond came into use. In the 19th century, cutting glass with a small wheel of hardened steel had been invented, but also the sawing of glass had already been in use. All these separate‐systems were complemented by grozing. This downstream technique of breaking‐off small chips from the edges of the cut glass was done with a special grozing iron since the 12th century or with pliers since the 19th century. Abrading‐techniques were already known in the ancient world, but had not been used on sheet glass before the Middle Ages. These techniques can be subdivided into four categories: The extremely low conductivity, paired with the thermal expansion under heat, allow for the cutting with the hot iron or a specially prepared type of coal. The scoring of the surface with the diamond or the steel wheel cutter generates tension and small inlets in the glass, and allows for the subsequent splitting of the glass along the cut‐line. The techniques of sawing, abrading and drilling are based on mechanical abrasion. The technique of grozing is based on the brittleness of the material and the leverage‐force of the tools used in the process. |
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